1. 由 that 引导
The trouble is that we have no money.
(困难是我们没有钱。)
解析:that 仅起连接影响,无实义且不可省略
My idea is that we should start now.
(我的想法是我们应该现在开始。)
解析:当主句主语是“建议、想法”类名词时,从句常用“should + 动词原形”
2. 由 whether 引导
The question is whether he will come tomorrow.
(难题是他明天是否会来。)
解析:表语从句中只能用 whether,不能用 if
3. 由疑问代词(what/who/which)引导
That’s what I want to tell you.
(那就是我想告诉你的。)
解析:what 既是引导词,又在从句中充当宾语
The problem is who can fix the computer.
(难题是谁能修电脑。)
解析:who 在从句中作主语
4. 由疑问副词(when/where/why/how)引导
That’s where I first met her.
(那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。)
解析:where 表示地点,在从句中作状语
The question is how we can finish the work.
(难题是我们怎样完成职业。)
解析:how 表示方式,引导从句
5. 由 because 引导
That’s because I forgot my keys.
(那是由于我忘了带钥匙。)
解析:用于说明缘故,不可与 why 混淆
6. 由 as if 引导
It looks as if it will rain soon.
(看起来好像要下雨了。)
解析:虚拟语气,表示与事实相反或推测
7. 由 why 引导
That’s why she cried yesterday.
(这就是她昨天哭的缘故。)
解析:why 强调结局,常与“That is why…”搭配
常见错误对比
正确:The question is whether he knows the answer.
解析:表语从句中只能用 whether,不能用 if
正确:The reason is that he was busy.
解析:当主语是 reason 时,表语从句用 that 引导
练习题(自测)
1. The truth is ______ he missed the bus. (that/whether)
2. The village is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago. (what/where)
3. It seems ______ the meeting will be canceled. (as if/because)
答案:1. that;2. what;3. as if
以上例句覆盖了表语从句的主要引导词类型,如需更多练习或详细解析,可参考来源网页 。